Suddenly, your dog has a high fever, is lethargic, and is panting heavily? These symptoms could indicate blood poisoning (sepsis). In this condition, pathogens enter the bloodstream from an initially localized infection site and rapidly spread throughout the entire body. The immune system cannot identify the focus of infection to combat the pathogens. Consequently, an extreme immune response occurs, leading to circulatory shock and multiple organ failure.

Definition: What is blood poisoning in dogs?

In blood poisoning (sepsis) in dogs, viruses, bacteria, or fungi from an initially localized infection source enter the bloodstream and distribute rapidly throughout the body. The immune system cannot pinpoint the inflammatory focus to combat the pathogens. As a result, an extreme immune response occurs, which can lead to circulatory shock and multiple organ failure.

Blood poisoning in dogs: Possible causes

There are various causes that can lead to blood poisoning in dogs, typically arising from illness or injury. It is facilitated when the dog has a weakened immune system, e.g., due to medications like cortisone, a disease like cancer in dogs, or a previous surgery. Common triggers for blood poisoning in dogs include:

How long does it take for a dog to develop blood poisoning?

Blood poisoning can occur shortly after an injury or illness, depending on the location of the infection source. For instance, with a wound on the paw, it usually takes a bit longer for the pathogens to enter the bloodstream. An organic cause results in sepsis in dogs more quickly.

Recognizing blood poisoning in dogs: Symptoms of sepsis

Characteristic of sepsis is its rapid spread throughout the entire body, damaging various organs. The symptoms are therefore varied and not always clear-cut. Common signs include:

Swift assistance can save your dog’s life

If you notice one or more of the described symptoms in your dog, do not hesitate to seek immediate assistance from a veterinarian. Never attempt to treat your dog’s symptoms with home remedies or homeopathy on your own. An untreated sepsis often leads to the death of the animal or irreversible organ and nerve damage in a short period. With dog health insurance, you won’t have to worry about the veterinary costs and can fully concentrate on the recovery of your four-legged friend.

How the Veterinarian Diagnoses and Treats Sepsis in Dogs

If your dog is suffering from an injury or infection and exhibits the symptoms described above, the veterinarian will suspect sepsis and conduct a blood test on your pet. An increase in white blood cells, anemia, an elevated pH in the blood, as well as increased urine or liver values, are indicative of blood poisoning.

However, as the veterinarian must act quickly when suspecting sepsis, they typically administer a broad-spectrum antibiotic immediately, even before identifying the specific pathogen in the blood. Additionally, anti-inflammatory drugs, pain relievers, and circulatory-stabilizing infusions are administered to the dog. Often, the veterinarian recommends further treatment at an animal clinic, where the dog can be monitored around the clock and quickly treated in case of complications. The clinic also provides the option of artificial nutrition through infusions if the dog is unable to eat independently. Furthermore, specialists investigate the cause of the blood poisoning to address it.

Sepsis in dogs: What is the prognosis?

The course and survival prospects in cases of blood poisoning in dogs depend on various factors: the overall condition and immune system of the dog, the prompt initiation of therapy, and how the dog responds to treatment. If recognized and treated in a timely manner, a dog in good physical condition can overcome blood poisoning without lasting damage. If sepsis is already advanced, leading to multiple organ failure, the chances of the dog surviving or recovering are significantly lower. As painful as the thought may be, in such cases, the only option may be to relieve the beloved faithful companion from further suffering.

Can you prevent blood poisoning in dogs?

If you want to protect your dog from blood poisoning, you should ensure that your pet’s immune system is strengthened. This can be achieved through a diet rich in vitamins and a species-appropriate, loving environment. Regularly inspect your dog thoroughly every day and diligently clean and disinfect even minor wounds. Initially inconspicuous open sores can pose a danger to your furry friend. In case of a bite wound, do not hesitate to take your dog to the veterinarian for professional care. Regular check-ups at the veterinarian ensure that infections are detected early. Also, have your pet’s mouth examined to identify and treat dental inflammation at an early stage.

By the way, your dog health insurance also covers preventive examinations.

Note: Our contribution aims to provide general information and initial guidance on blood poisoning in dogs. It is not intended for independent diagnosis, treatment, and medication of your dog, and by no means should replace the expert examination and therapy by your veterinarian.