The Shiba (Shiba Inu, Shiba Ken) is the smallest of the six recognized Japanese dog breeds. Their elegant appearance and absolutely unique character make them popular companion dogs. In the profile, you will learn everything about the history, nature, and keeping of these independent-minded dogs.
History of the Shiba Inu
The Shiba Inu is an ancient Japanese dog breed. It is also known as Shiba or Shiba Ken. Shiba roughly translates to “small” and “Inu” or “Ken” means “dog” in Japanese. The historical representatives of the breed were even smaller and shorter-legged than today’s specimens. Mountain farmers kept them as farm dogs and for hunting small game and birds. They could evolve independently of other breeds and changed little.
Towards the end of the 19th century, the British brought their setters and pointers with them. As a result, the purebred Shiba became a rarity within a few decades. Nearly a hundred years ago, the breed was almost extinct. Around the year 1928, the first breeders began to revive the breed and established an official standard in 1934. Internationally, the FCI classifies it in Group 5 “Spitz and Primitive Type Dogs” in Section 5 “Asian Spitz and Related Breeds.”
Breed Overview
GROUP: Non-Sporting
HEIGHT: 13.5 to 15.5 inches (female), 14.5 to 16.5 inches (male)
WEIGHT: 17 pounds (female), 23 pounds (male)
COAT: Short double coat
COAT COLOR: Black and tan, cream, red, red sesame with/without white markings
LIFE SPAN: 13 to 16 years
TEMPERAMENT: Alert, independent, affectionate
HYPOALLERGENIC: No
ORIGIN: Japan
Nature and Character
The Shiba Inu is a perceptive and independent dog that never completely submits. But is he a dangerous or aggressive dog? Overall, he is lively, active, affectionate, and courageous. He is reluctant to share his “property” such as his basket, food, or toys with other dogs. However, with good socialization, living together with other pets is possible. Is a Shiba Inu suitable as a family dog? With the right upbringing, he gets along well with children and is an ideal family dog. He barks relatively little but can communicate complexly with other sounds.
He is reserved and cautious towards strangers. He possesses a strong will and can convince his owners. With his strong self-confidence, you must always measure up to him initially, which can be a big challenge. However, the dog remains calm and composed and never shows aggression. Nevertheless, some wonder: Is a Shiba Inu a fighting dog? The Shiba Inu is absolutely not a fighting or listed dog. Those who establish a certain authority eventually get an affectionate and loyal four-legged companion with the Shiba.
| Affection Level | High |
| Friendliness | Medium |
| Kid-Friendly | Medium |
| Pet-Friendly | Medium |
| Exercise Needs | Medium |
| Playfulness | Medium |
| Energy Level | Medium |
| Trainability | Medium |
| Intelligence | High |
| Tendency to Bark | Medium |
| Amount of Shedding | Medium |
Appearance of the Shiba Inu
The Shiba Inu, a medium-sized spitz breed with a fascinating appearance, is known for its fox-like appearance, which is reflected in various aspects.
Size and Shape:
Male Shiba Inus reach a height between 36.5 and 41.5 cm, while females grow between 33.5 and 38.5 cm tall. The average weight is about 10.4 kg for males and 8 kg for females. Their robust build, coupled with dense fur, gives them a majestic appearance.
Coat Color and Pattern:
Shiba Inus present themselves in an impressive range of coat colors, including red, black and tan, sesame, and red sesame. The uniqueness lies in the so-called “Urajiro” – white patches of hair on the chest, abdomen, cheeks, legs, and inner ears. These distinctive white markings create an attractive contrast to their main coat color and are decisive for the breed standard.
Unique Coat Features:
The coat of the Shiba Inu consists of two layers: a stiff, straight topcoat and a soft, dense undercoat. This double layer serves as insulation against weather influences and makes the coat water- and dirt-repellent. It is particularly noteworthy that the coat of the Shiba Inu should never be shaved, as this can impair its natural protective functions.
Urajiro – More Than Just an Optical Allure:
Urajiro, the characteristic white underside, is more than just an optical peculiarity. This genetic trait, manifested as light fur in specific areas of the body, is essential for the breed standard. It is believed that these features could play a role in camouflage in nature by providing a form of disguise.
Non-Standard Coat Variations:
There are also some coat variations that do not conform to the standard. For example, long-haired Shiba Inus, caused by a recessive gene, have longer topcoats and a fluffier appearance. However, such characteristics are considered faults and are not suitable for exhibitions.
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Acquiring a Shiba Inu
Before acquiring a Shiba Inu, you should consider several factors. First, familiarize yourself with the breed. Understand their needs, behaviors, and potential health issues they may have. Then, begin the search for a suitable breeder. Avoid breeders who are only focused on profit and keep the dogs in poor conditions. A good breeder will allow you to visit the dogs. There, you can see if the dogs are healthy and happy. Also, ensure that the dogs regularly visit the veterinarian, are vaccinated, and dewormed.
Remember that acquiring a Shiba Inu is a long-term commitment. You must be prepared to care for and train the dog adequately over several years.
Puppy Training
The Shiba Inu, known for its intelligence and independence, presents a challenge in training and education, especially for first-time dog owners. Let’s delve deeper into the effective training of this fascinating breed.
Shiba Inu: Character and Training
Shiba Inus are lively and territorial with a strong hunting instinct. They need plenty of exercise and respond well to clear leadership structures. Their stubbornness requires patient, empathetic training methods.
Strategies and Tips for Training:
- Early Socialization: Start early, ideally between 6 and 14 weeks.
- Positive Reinforcement: Use positive methods as Shiba Inus react sensitively.
- Clear Communication: Use simple, consistent commands.
- No Punishment: Avoid physical punishment and loud shouting.
- Energy Release: Ensure adequate exercise before training.
- Bite Inhibition: Teach your puppy not to bite.
- Rewards: Use high-quality treats for various training levels.
- Impulse Control: Practice basic commands like “sit,” “down,” “stay,” and “come.”
Training in Everyday Life:
- Utilize Everyday Training Opportunities: Use spontaneous situations for training.
- Consider Mood: Pay attention to the right mood for training.
- Patience and Understanding: Be patient and understanding.
Behavior Management:
- Dealing with Typical Behaviors: Learn to manage the vocalizations of the Shiba Inu and accept their reserved nature.
Adaptation to the Environment:
- Adapting to Different Living Situations: Provide advice on adapting a Shiba Inu to different environments, from apartments to houses with gardens.
Age-Specific Care:
- Care in Various Life Stages: Offer tailored advice for caring for Shiba Inus from puppyhood to old age.
Practical Training Tips:
- Specific Training Techniques: Explain effective training techniques for the independent and sometimes stubborn Shiba Inu.
- Handling Hunting Instinct and Territorial Behavior: Provide tips for managing these instincts.
- Socialization Practices: Guide on socialization, especially integration with other pets and children.
Practical Socialization Tips:
- Step-by-Step Socialization Strategies: From puppyhood to adulthood.
- Introduction to a Household with Existing Pets: How to acclimate a Shiba Inu to such situations.
- Tips for Socialization in Various Environments: How to socialize the Shiba Inu in urban settings, dog parks, and other locations.
Activities with the Shiba Inu
Depending on his mood, the Shiba Inu can be very active. He likes to decide when he feels like moving but requires his daily walks. Depending on the character, some representatives of the breed are suitable for dog sports. If they see a purpose in it, Japanese dogs can be convinced to participate in agility. They can also be great companions for jogging or cycling.
However, the strong hunting instinct combined with the dog’s stubbornness allows off-leash activities only in rare cases. The preferred activities vary greatly depending on the individual dog. The motivation of the owner to convince the dog of the benefits of an activity is also crucial. Retrieving, playing, or tricks are of little interest to these serious dogs. The clever dog wants to understand the purpose of the task.
Care of a Shiba Inu
Shiba Inus are easy to care for and robust dogs, but they require regular and specific care. Here are some tips for the proper care of a Shiba Inu:
Coat Care
- Regular Brushing: Shibas have a dense coat with a fluffy undercoat that should be brushed several times a day to prevent matting. Brushing is especially important during shedding seasons in spring and autumn when they lose their undercoat.
- Trimming: Trimming the Shiba Inu helps remove dead hair and ventilate the skin, reducing sweating and preventing skin irritations. A special trimming knife should be used.
- Bathing: Occasional bathing is part of coat care to remove dirt particles and prevent skin irritations.
Nutrition:
- Balanced Diet: A diet containing animal proteins, healthy carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and omega fatty acids is important. Premium dry food is recommended.
- Feeding Management: Avoid obesity by controlling food portions and avoiding table scraps and excessive treats.
Exercise:
- Regular Activity: Daily exercise is important to ensure physical and mental stimulation. Shibas need about 45 minutes of exercise per day. Suitable activities include walks, jogging, playing, and canine sports.
- Caution in High Temperatures: Shiba Inus can easily overheat, so intense exercise should be avoided in high temperatures.
By meeting these requirements, you contribute to the health and well-being of your Shiba Inu and ensure that you spend many happy years together.
Health and Hereditary Diseases
Shiba Inus are generally robust dogs, but like all breeds, they have certain health issues to watch out for. Choosing a responsible breeder can help minimize the risk of certain diseases, especially with breeders who meet strict health standards.
Common Health Problems:
- Eye Diseases: These include glaucoma, cataracts, and progressive retinal atrophy. Glaucoma, a painful deformation of the eyeball, and cataracts, a clouding of the lens, require prompt medical treatment. Progressive retinal atrophy, a degeneration of the retina, is unfortunately untreatable and leads to blindness.
- Allergies (Atopy): Shiba Inus often suffer from inhalant allergies to environmental allergens such as mold, dust, or pollen, which can be treated with medications and baths.
- Patellar Luxation: This occurs when the kneecaps slip out of their normal position, leading to lameness, pain, and ultimately arthritis.
- Hip Dysplasia: It usually occurs during the growth stage and leads to loosening of the hip joint, causing pain and mobility restrictions. Treatment may include surgery, joint supplements, physiotherapy, or stem cell treatments.
- Hypothyroidism: A decreased production of thyroid hormones leading to lethargy, loss of appetite, and hair loss. This disease is incurable and requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy.
- Gingivitis and Periodontitis: Dental diseases that can be prevented by daily tooth brushing with enzymatic toothpaste and chew toys for dental care.
- Anxiety Disorders: Shiba Inus may react anxiously, manifesting in barking, howling, destructive behavior, or aggression. Exercise and mental stimulation help calm them down.
Health Prevention:
- Regular Check-ups: Regular veterinary examinations are important to respond early to signs of illness.
- Prevention against Parasites and Diseases: Pay attention to regular vaccinations and deworming as well as prevention of parasite infestation.
- Active Lifestyle: Regular exercise and mental stimulation are important to keep your Shiba Inu healthy and happy.
Is the Shiba Inu Right for Me?
Those seeking a challenging dog with a strong presence will be happy with the Shiba Inu. He is a very clean dog whose coat hardly exhibits any odor. Generally, the Asian breed is suitable for confident individuals who are willing to seriously and intensively engage with their dog. Are Shiba Inus suitable for beginners? Despite the attractive appearance of the dogs, beginners should refrain from purchasing them.
If you are confident with the breed, it is best to find a breeder who belongs to the National Shiba Club of America. How much does a Shiba cost? You can expect to pay about $1000 for a purebred puppy with papers. Occasionally, representatives of the breed seeking a new home can be found in animal shelters. The organization “Shiba in Need” is involved in the adoption of these great dogs.
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Interesting Facts
In their home country of Japan, the Shiba is not only a “National Natural Monument” but also the most popular companion dog alongside the Akita. Due to their unique appearance, the dogs are also very popular on social media today. Perhaps the most popular Shiba is the male Maru Taro (@marutaro) from the Japanese city of Nezu, with over 2.5 million followers on Instagram. Particularly well-known among internet friends since 2013 is the so-called Doge Meme. It consists of a picture of a Shiba and rudimentary English text. The most commonly used photo features the male Kabosu, a dog adopted by kindergarten teacher Atsuko Sato.
Similar and Related Breeds:
The Shiba Inu not only looks similar to other Asian dog breeds but also shares a similar origin with many of them. These include especially the Akita Inu, Shikoku, and Kishu Ken. They differ mainly in size and personality.
Size and Weight:
| Breed | Height (Male) | Height (Female) | Weight (Male) | Weight (Female) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shiba Inu | 36-41 cm | 33-38 cm | 9.5 kg | 7.9 kg |
| Akita Inu | 66-71 cm | 61-66 cm | 44.1 kg | 41.9 kg |
| Kishu Ken | 43-56 cm | 43-56 cm | 20 kg | 20 kg |
| Hokkaido Dog | 46-56 cm | 46-56 cm | 25 kg | 25 kg |
Trainability and Intelligence:
- Shiba Inu: Average intelligence, slightly harder to train than average dogs.
- Akita Inu: Easier to train, average intelligence.
- Kishu Ken: Hard to train, average intelligence.
- Hokkaido Dog: Relatively easy to train, average intelligence.
Guarding and Protection Instincts:
- Shiba Inu, Akita Inu, Kishu Ken, and Hokkaido Dog: All considered good guard dogs and extremely protective.
Temperament and Sensitivity:
- Shiba Inu: Lively, confident, fearless, loyal, charming, average sensitivity.
- Akita Inu: Dignified, independent, protective, intelligent, friendly, sensitive.
- Kishu Ken and Hokkaido Dog: Dignified, attentive, loyal, noble (Kishu Ken); attentive, courageous, loyal, brave (Hokkaido Dog), average to high sensitivity.
Energy and Activity Level:
- Shiba Inu: Higher energy level, average exercise needs.
- Akita Inu: Higher energy level, requires lots of exercise.
- Kishu Ken: High energy, requires lots of exercise.
- Hokkaido Dog: Average energy, average exercise needs.
Health and Life Expectancy:
- Shiba Inu: Generally healthy, regular veterinary check-ups recommended, life expectancy: 13 years.
- Akita Inu: Generally healthy, regular veterinary check-ups recommended, life expectancy: 12 years.
- Kishu Ken and Hokkaido Dog: More frequent health problems in Kishu Ken, regular check-ups recommended, life expectancy: 12 years.
Coat Care and Allergies:
- Shiba Inu: Dense coat, moderate to heavy shedding, easy care, bathe every 4-6 weeks.
- Akita Inu: Heavy shedding, easy care, bathe every 3-4 weeks.
- Kishu Ken and Hokkaido Dog: Moderate shedding, more elaborate care, bathe every 3-4 weeks or 6-8 weeks.
